The entire securement program hinges on the Working Load Limit (WLL). The WLL is the maximum load that a securement component can handle during normal service. The aggregate WLL of all tiedowns securing a piece of cargo must be at least 50% of the weight of the cargo. A securement system is only as strong as its weakest component.

• Tiedown Identification: All chains, straps, and hardware must be clearly and legibly marked with their WLL or manufacturer’s symbol. If markings are illegible, the device must be down-rated to a lower, guaranteed WLL (e.g., unmarked Grade 70 chain is often downgraded to Grade 30 by inspectors), which can immediately result in an OOS violation if your load calculation is now insufficient.

Phase 1: Driver Inspection Protocol (Daily and En Route)

The driver is your first line of defense. Their inspection must focus not just on securement tension, but on device integrity.

Phase 2: Maintenance Inspection and Removal Criteria (PM Schedule)

The maintenance department must conduct thorough, documented inspections of all securement devices during every Preventative Maintenance (PM) check, typically every 90 days or based on mileage. Items meeting these criteria must be tagged, documented, and immediately removed from service.

A. Synthetic Webbing (Straps)

• Removal Criteria: Any strap containing a knot (knotted straps are prohibited and are an OOS violation). Any strap with cuts, snags, or tears greater than the damage limits set by the strap width (e.g., a 4-inch strap may be compromised by a 1-inch cut). Any strap with burned or melted fibers from heat or friction. Any strap where the WLL rating tag or label is missing or illegible.
• Maintenance Action: Use edge protection (corner protectors) for all loads to prevent abrasion and cutting. Never use damaged straps—they cannot be repaired or spliced.

B. Cargo Chains (Chains and Binders)

• Removal Criteria: Any chain link that is bent, twisted, elongated, or stretched. Any links showing excessive nicks, gouges, or cracks. Any chain link showing evidence of welding or unauthorized repair. Any chain where the grade markings (e.g., 7, 70, or 700 for Grade 70 chain) are missing or illegible.
• Maintenance Action: Check for excessive wear at contact points. Ensure that all binders and hooks used with the chain have a WLL equal to or greater than the chain itself.

C. Vehicle Anchor Points

• Removal Criteria: Any D-ring, rub rail, or tie-down pocket that is cracked, broken, or shows signs of permanent deformation. Any anchor point showing evidence of unauthorized welding or weakened components.
• Maintenance Action: Inspect the integrity of stake pockets, bulkheads, and rub rails during every full vehicle PM.

Phase 3: Replacement, Training, and Documentation

1. Replacement Policy: All replacement securement equipment must be purchased with clear, permanent WLL markings. The replacement item’s WLL must match or exceed the original equipment specification. Down-rated, unmarked chains should be phased out entirely.
2. Training: Conduct mandatory annual training focused specifically on cargo types. Drivers must be trained to calculate the minimum number of tiedowns required based on cargo weight and length (e.g., one tiedown per 10 feet of length).
3. Documentation: Maintain a Securement Device Master Log. This log tracks the purchase date, WLL, removal date, and reason for removal for all chains and straps. This documentation is your proof of compliance during an FMCSA audit.

See: 49 CFR Part 393 Subpart I – Protection Against Shifting and Falling Cargo

NOTE: This guide may not be complete but it is a great start. Do the research including the link above and add components that will make your Load Securement Program safe and complete.

Also read: Mastering Your Brakes: Preventing the #1 CMV Violation